IPM Manual for Structural Pests in British Columbia - Chapter 2

full article- http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/epd/ipm/docs/chap2.html

Pyrethrins

Pyrethrins are the active ingredients extracted from the pyrethrum daisy, Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium. Pyrethrins are commonly used in structural pest control.

Terminology

Pyrethrum refers to the dried, powdered, flower heads of the pyrethrum daisy.

Pyrethrins are the group of active ingredients found in the flowers. Pyrethrins are unstable when exposed to sunlight. They last for only a few hours.

Pyrethroids are synthetic compounds made to resemble pyrethrins in chemical structure. Pyrethroids are more toxic to insects and more stable in sunlight than pyrethrins. They last for a week or longer in the environment.

DE and Slug control: Control weeds. Keep area free of debris. Proper plant spacing. Horticultural grade diatomaceous earth. (Needs to be reapplied if it gets wet.)

Mode of Action

Pyrethrins are nerve toxins. They work as a contact poison and cause quick paralysis in insects. Pyrethrins are known for their quick 'knockdown' effect and because they drive insects out of hiding places.

Many insects can detoxify pyrethrins and recover from exposure, therefore a synergist is often added to the formulation to help the pyrethrins work effectively. Piperonyl butoxide, a common synergist, is derived from sesame. It works by inhibiting the activity of enzymes in the insect that normally detoxify pesticides.

---

CHAPTER 8

IPM FOR FLEAS IN SCHOOLS

full article- http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/ipm/schoolipm/chap-8.pdf

Diatomaceous Earth and Silica Aerogel

These are insecticidal dusts that can be used for flea

control. Diatomaceous earth is made from fossilized

diatoms, and silica gel is produced essentially from

sand. Both these products kill insects by desiccation;

they absorb the wax and oil from the insects outer

covering which causes dehydration and death. Although

these materials are not poisonous to humans

directly, the fine dust travels freely through the air and

can be irritating to the eyes and lungs; therefore, use a

dust mask and goggles during application. Silica gel

and diatomaceous earth are also formulated with pyrethrins

(discussed below).

How to Use Diatomaceous Earth and Silica Aerogel

Apply a light dusting to upholstered furniture that is

suspected of harboring fleas. Be sure to get into the

cracks and crevices.

Apply a light dusting to rugs or pet bedding.

Apply to infested carpeting, leave for a couple of

days, and then vacuum up.

Dust into crawl spaces, wall voids, attics, and other

similar spaces where you suspect animals of nesting

or resting.

Do not use in moist environments; neither material

works well when wet.

[back to top]  [back to DE article list]

---

CHAPTER 6

IPM FOR COCKROACHES IN SCHOOLS

full article- http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/ipm/schoolipm/chap-6.pdf

Resistance to Insecticides

Insecticide resistance in cockroaches is a growing

problem. Many residual poisons no longer affect

cockroaches. So far, there is no documented resistance

to boric acid, diatomaceous earth, or silica gel, and

because of the way these insecticides work, resistance in

the future is unlikely.

Diatomaceous Earth and Silica Aerogel

These are insecticidal dusts that can be used for roach

control, but they are more repellent to roaches than boric

acid. Diatomaceous earth is made from fossilized

diatoms, and silica gel is produced essentially from

sand. Both kill insects by desiccation; they absorb the

wax and oil from the insects outer covering, which

causes dehydration and death. Although these materials

are not poisonous to humans directly, the fine dust

travels freely through the air and can be irritating to the

eyes and lungs; therefore, use a dust mask and goggles

during application.

Diatomaceous earth and silica aerogel are especially

useful in wall voids and similar closed spaces. During

construction and remodeling these dusts can be blown

into such spaces, and in finished buildings they can be

applied by drilling tiny holes in the walls. These dusts

are also useful in crack and crevice treatments.

Some products combine diatomaceous earth or silica gel

with pyrethrins. The pyrethrins provide a quick knockdown

of the cockroaches, and the dusts provide the

long-term control.

[back to top]  [back to DE article list]

---

Your continuing support of our products and affiliate links throughout this site help us promote the Miniature Donkey breed and care for rescued equines here at Shadow Ridge.  Thanks so much! Cheryl and Chris [Home] [About Us] [Products] [Contact Us]  [Donkey & Mule Information] [Donkey Rescues]   [Our Miniature Donkeys]  [Picture Gallery]  [FAQS]  [Privacy Policy]  [Site Map]   Copyright ©2004-2008 Shadow Ridge. All Rights Reserved. Friday, July 25, 2008 For problems or questions regarding this web contact info@shadowridgedonkeys.com  This Site is Powered by Acenet, Inc.